芦笋中硒元素的测定方法探究

目的：建立测定芦笋中硒含量的方法。方法：采用硝酸一高氯酸微波消解后,在铁氰化钾一盐酸体系中,选用最佳氢化物发生原子荧光法测定条件,采用标准曲线法定量分析。结果：该法线性范围为0—0．8μg,／mL,检出限为0．024μg／mL,回收率为96．7-103．3％,相对标准偏差为1．28％。结论：本方法简单、准确,适用于芦笋中硒的含量测定。。     

Identification of antibacterial principles against Streptococcus mutans and inhibitory principles against glucosyltransferase from the seed of Areca catechu L

During the course of our studies on dental caries prevention by traditional medicines, fatty acids (myristic and oleic acids etc.) and procyanidins from betel nuts (the seed of Areca catechu L.) were respectively revealed to be the major antibacterial principles against a primary cariogenic bacterium, Streptococcus mutans, and the major inhibitory principles against glucosyltransferase from S. mutans.     

儿茶提取物抗流感病毒作用的小鼠体内实验研究

用流感病毒鼠肺适应株A/FM/1/4 7(H1N1)感染小鼠 ,制备小鼠肺炎模型 ,研究儿茶提取物对流感病毒感染小鼠死亡的保护作用。结果显示 :高剂量组对感染小鼠具有很好的死亡保护作用 (P <0 .0 5) ,高、中剂量组均可明显延长感染小鼠的平均存活时间。高剂量组 ( 12 .5g/L)的肺指数、肺指数抑制率和肺病变程度与阳性药物 (病毒唑 )对照组相比均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5)。研究表明 :该儿茶提取物在小鼠体内具有有效的抗流感病毒作用     

光叶番荔枝提取物抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

研究光叶番荔枝提取物对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180瘤体生长的抑制作用。定量称取光叶番荔枝提取物。用1％CMC-Na研磨配制成所需浓度的混悬液。将制备的肿瘤细胞悬液，以0.2ml／只接种于小鼠右前肢腋部皮下．24h后将其随机分为模型组、环磷酰胺组及光叶番荔枝组．并开始用药。各组均连续给药7d．停药后处死小鼠。剥取瘤块称重．计算抑瘤率。结果：光叶番荔枝提取物对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180有明显的抗肿瘤作用．抑瘤率可达64％-68％。     

中药芦笋促T细胞有丝分裂活性的观察

低浓度芦笋原汁(0.1～1.0％)可明显促进正常小鼠胸腺细胞的增殖,也可刺激正常小鼠脾脏细胞的增殖,但对裸鼠脾脏细胞没有任何作用。由此提示,芦笋具有促T淋巴细胞有丝分裂的活性,而对B淋巴细胞没有作用。与常用的T细胞促有丝分裂素植物血凝素(PHA)及刀豆蛋白A(ConA)不同,芦笋原汁对人、绵羊、豚鼠和鸡的红细胞均无凝集作用。     

Patterns of Betel Quid,Cigarette, and Alcohol Use,and Their Correlates With Betel Quid Cessation in a Male Inmate Population

Background: There are few published studies addressing multiple substance uses and their effects on subsequent cessation of betel quid (BQ) chewing in the Asia Pacific region. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the usage patterns of BQ chewing, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking, and their correlates with subsequent BQ cessation among a male inmate population. Methods: Data from 473 male inmates with a history of BQ use who were incarcerated in Taiwan Kaohsiung Prison was used for this analysis. Participants were asked to report their lifetime usage patterns of cigarette, alcohol, and BQ, and their cessation status of each substance. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of voluntary BQ cessation. Results: Seventy-five percent of all participants reported habitual use of all three substances. A total of 185 (39%) participants reported voluntary cessation of BQ prior to incarceration, and 288 (61%) reported cessation because of incarceration. Inmates who quit smoking before incarceration were more likely to voluntarily quit BQ. Inmates who had drinking habits were less likely to quit BQ, but those who quit drinking before incarceration were more likely to quit BQ. Inmates who preferred the type of BQ known as lao-hwa quid were more likely to quit BQ, and a longer chewing history correlated with a lower likelihood of quitting BQ. Conclusions Importance: Our data suggest that coexisting habitual use of cigarette, alcohol, and BQ is very common in this inmate population. BQ cessation is significantly associated with not only inmates' usage patterns of cigarette and alcohol, but also their cessation status of these substances.     

咀嚼槟榔习惯与牙体磨损关系的临床研究

目的 :探讨长期咀嚼槟榔与牙体磨损的关系。方法 :对长期咀嚼槟榔的 6 4例患者的咀嚼槟榔时间、频率及其牙体牙合面磨损、曲面体层片进行分析。结果 :所有患者后牙牙合面出现不同程度的磨损 ,且咀嚼槟榔时间越长 ,牙合面磨损越严重 (P <0 .0 1) ;咀嚼频率越高 ,牙合面磨损加重 (P <0 .0 1) ,磨损严重者可伴根尖周炎症及牙槽骨不同程度吸收。结论 :长期咀嚼槟榔可导致牙体牙合面不同程度磨损。     

Constituents of areca chewing related to esophageal cancer risk in Taiwanese men

Two most common types of areca chewing are noted in Taiwan: raw betel fruit with Piper betle inflorescence or folded in betel leaf. Piper betle inflorescence contains carcinogens, whereas betel leaf includes anticarcinogenic agents. One hundred and twenty-six esophageal squamous-cell-carcinoma patients and 279 healthy controls, all men, were analyzed. Areca chewers were 4.4 times (95% CI, 2.2-8.8) more likely to develop esophageal cancer than non-chewers. Sixty-five of the patients were areca chewers, of which, 61 (93.9%) chewed areca with Piper betle inflorescence, none chewed it with betel leaf and four (6.1%) chewed both. Of the 24 controls who were chewers, 10 (41.7%), three (12.5%) and 11 (45.8%) chewed areca with Piper betle inflorescence, betel leaf, and both, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that subjects who chewed areca with Piper betle inflorescence were 24.4 times (95% CI 3.9-154.4) more likely to develop esophageal cancer than those who chewed areca with betel leaf or with both leaf and inflorescence. Our epidemiologic findings suggest parts of the same Piper plant contains carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic substances.     

槟榔子中抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分（英文）

目的：研究槟榔子（Areca catechu）粗提取物中所含的抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分及其作用机制。方法：使用70%甲醇水溶液对槟榔子进行粗提取。使用生物发光血小板凝集仪在富血小板血浆中测定槟榔子粗提取物的抗血小板聚集作用,使用分光光度计在试管内测定槟榔子粗提取物对乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的抑制作用。检测槟榔子中的多种化合物以测定槟榔子中抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分。结果：槟榔子粗提取物能够抑制花生四烯酸、二磷酸腺苷、血小板活化因子、肾上腺素及钙离子载体引起的血小板聚集,尤其对二磷酸腺苷及钙离子载体引起的血小板聚集的抑制最为明显;槟榔子粗提取物能够显著抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性。在所检测的槟榔子所含化合物中,只有儿茶素对肾上腺素引起的血小板聚集有显著的抑制作用,而这种抑制作用显著弱于槟榔子粗提取物,提示槟榔子中的其他成分参与了这种抑制作用;鞣酸、没食子酸、薯蓣皂苷元和异去甲槟榔次碱能够抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性,其中鞣酸的抑制作用强于槟榔子粗提取物。结论：槟榔子中含有抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分,而发挥这些功效的确切成分有待进一步的研究证实。